Capstan



(No Model.) v 4 Sheets-#Sheet 2.

D. N. B. COFPIN.'

GAPSTAN. I No. 261,530. j A Patented Jju1y25, 1882.

(No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet '3. 4

I). N. BQCOFFIN.

y y GAPSTAN. Y, No. 261,530. .Patente July 25, 1882.

U NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAV-1D N. BL corn-IN, or NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

C APSTAN.

SPECIFICATION `forming 'part of Letters Patent INo. 261,530, dated 4July25, 1882.

. Appnation aleaMamh 10,1882. (No modi-.1.)

To all 'whom fit may concern I Be it known that I, DAVID N. eComm, of;

the'cityfot' Newton, county ot' Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gapstans, ot' whichthe following'is afull and exact description, reference being had totheaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,of which drawings-- Figure lis a sectional elevation; plan of parts;Fig. 3, an under view, in part, ofthe barrel, 85e.; FigA, anunder viewof the lever-head in part,&c.; Fig. 5, a plan of top of barrel in part.1Fig. 6 comprises ari-elevation and a sectional elevationot one pawl.Fig. '7 is a sectional view ot" barrel at line Fig. 1. jFig. Sis anelevation of a pawl-wrist or journal;

Fig. 9, 'a partial elevation of lower part of they Fig. l0 is a partialplan of parts.-

deck-plate. Fig. 1l embracestwo sectionaland partial elevations. Fig. 12is anelevation. Fig. 13 is a plan. Fig. 14 is a perspective View of thedeckplate and two-part spindle b, showing also the intermediate gears,g, projecting through openings in the deck-plate, &c. Fig. 15 is asectional plan, the plane ot' section cutting horizontally through-thecenter gear, intermediate Y gear, and annular gear, and thedeck-platefat the I'height of the openings through whichthe intermediategears protrude. Fig. 16 is a perspectiveview, illustrating the ratchetsn in, Svc. f

Fig. 17 further illustrates the same, with parts lon-inverted, asdescribed. Fig-18 illustrates the ratchet at the'top of the barrel. Fig.19 further illustrates the lever head and barholes in a sectionalvie-w,lo0kin g outward from within.

Likeletters refer to the same or corresponding parts in all the tgures.Y

The invention consists in the novel construc- `spreads outward andextends downward in a circular form,inclosing a somewhat dome-shapedspace beneath, and terminates in aflange at the bottom,-providedwithboltholesfor boltin g it to the deck. Through this .part of thedeckplate, which,for wantot' a more accurate term, I willcalldome-shaped,77 is made an opening or openings,througl1 whichprotrude-the interbetween them Spaces for'drainagemhich let the waterrun oft'freely from the pawl-pockets without the vnecessity otmakingdrainage holes, which are constantlygetting lilled up. rIhe center orfirst moving gear, h, has an'upward extension or shaftt`, and whichextends up.

through the part b ot' the spindleand constitutes thespindles upperpart, whereby the lever-head a is held down, the lower part ofthe-spindle b being tixed to the deck-plate, the shaft being free .toturn in part b. This upper part ot the shaft t' has a pin, u, in itsupper end, andthe attached gear h at the lower end acts as a heador'flange, so that by it the leverhead, barrel, and deckplate,with partb, are securely held together, and-by taking out pin u all can be takenaparty Ashaft driven 'by power may be connected to the gear at thebottom,as indicated, by a key, t, in Fig.`1. .The -shaft is connected tothe lever-head, so as to be driven by it or detached fromit at pleasure,by means ot' the drop or lock bolt or bolts j, or by any other means,positive, as illustrated in Fig. 1, or automatic, a-s illustratedin Fig.11, which shows one of a class of automatic connections which may beemployed.

.The barrel d is furnished with welts c, which terminate at the lowerend against a zone ofV -the barrel of equal height with themselves fromthe depressed surface between the welts IOG The spaces between the teethare called pawlpockets or lock-bolt pockets.7

The barrel d is tted to turn on the spindle b freely, and either or bothare furnished with ordinary bearings, or, what is better, as it ispeculiarly adapted to the conditions foundin acapstan on salt-water,dierentfrom any other` machinery-viz., with chilled bearings orchillhardened bearings applied to either or both barrel and spindle. Noother bearings seem so fully to meet the conditions of slow moving,heavy pressure, and the rust and corrosion incident to capstans andwindlasses in salt-water service.

The barrel d is also provided with wrists or journals w, which have asmall lug at the outer end. These wrists carry pawls playing in thepawl-pockets on the deck-plate. The pawls have a through open eye orsocket which fits loosely the wrists lw. In the part of the eye towardthe opposite end of the pawl is the through open recess, shown ofsuitable size to allow the lug on the end of the wrist to pass. When thepawl is turned from the position in which it slips onto the wrist thelug keeps it from slipping oit'.

Fig. 6 shows the pawl provided with a recess on the inside, in which isjointed something like a pocket-knife blade, a blade or linger, ortongue,which,on being opened, as seen in dotted lines, Fig. 6, the pawlbeing raised,will rest on any projecting part of the barrel, or restprovided for it, and hold the paw] up out of action until it isrequired. Then, closing the tongue, it again operates.

Fig. 11 illustrates a variety of automatic methods of detachablyconnecting the leverhead to the center gear shaft. There is a part, l,surrounding the shaft t', and provided with ratchet-teeth n. These teethare prevented .from rotating on shaft by lugs playing in the sidegrooves in shaft t'. This part l, having the ratchet-teeth, may be puton shaftt' either end up. It' the teeth are up, then a loose slidingbolt, m, in a suitable socket in the lever-head, and beveled at itslower end, will catch the teeth and turn the shaft t' when thelever-head is turned one way, and slide over and not catch when it isturned the other way; or both boltm and part Zmay be turned bottom up,bringing the bolt to the bottom. Then when the lever-head is turned oneway part l will slide over the bolt m, slipping up on the shaft 'L' anddown; but on reversing the motion of the leverhead the teeth 'n willcatch on bolt m and so rotate the shaft c'. For

the bolt m, may be substituted, in the latter case, teeth in thelever-head, corresponding to those on part l, but in reverse order,correspondin g to bolt m, if preferred.

When the automatic device above described is used a bolt like m issubstituted for bolt j in a suitable socket at 7c and the boltj omittedor dispensed with; and the teeth a on the barrel are made like teethn onpart l-viz., with abevelcd backthough the latter change is notessential, it only being essential to have the bolt face so as to catchin the opposite movement from that when shaftt' is driven byratchet-teeth n.

The lever-head is peculiar in several particulars-' viz., the bar-holes,except through the outer rim, and the spaces between the barholes also,are wholly open from beneath-t'. e., between the hub and the outer rim.,Depending flanges or ribs constitute both the sides and top of thebar-holes. (See Fig. 19.) The rib or flange S forms the top rest orguide for the bar, which, resting in the holein the outer rim, needs noother bottom support. This construction facilitates the casting byallowing the lever-head pattern to formits own core for these parts. Italso obviates the great difficulty always found in keeping drainageholesfor thebar-holes and lever-head open. With this construction none arerequired.

The center gear, l1., drives the gear or gears g, which play into anddrive the annular gear f, which drives the barrel. This order of operation occurs when the power purchase' is used. When the fast purchaseis used and the barrel is driven directly by being connected to thelever-head by its ratchet-teeth or lugs n, then the annular gear fdrives the gears g, which drive the gear h, which is then detached fromthe lever-head either by the removal of bolts jfrom shaft li or by theautomatic action of ratchet-teeth ln, &c., as describe. For power thelever-head is tur'ned in one direction. For simple or fast purchase itis turned in the opposite direction. Forchange of power what is requiredis the use of the automatic ratchets shown in Fig.11. It' the bolts jare used, they have to be changed from 7c to shaft t' for power, andvice versa for speed.

The materials used in construction, except so far as referred toalready, may be those ordinarily used, generally cast and wrought iron,and steel, brass, 85e., if desired.

The openings in the deckplate through which the gearsgprotrude shouldbere-enforced or strengthened at their sides, as indicated at q, theadditional metal being so disposed as to best suit convenience incasting and obviate danger from cracks by unequal contraction incooling.

Steel journals are preferred for gears g when case or chill hardenedones are not used.

Oil poured in around the spindle at the top finds its way through theoil-passages shown in the drawings to all the bearings.

I claim--A 1. The deck-plate of a capstan as constructed-viz ,withlateral openings, connecting the inclosed space beneath the deck-platewith the exterior, for the purpose of admitting the intermeshin g of anintermediate gear with the center gear within and an annular gearwithout, substantially as described.

2. The spindle of a capstan as constructedviz., the lower part hollowand attached to the deck-plate and the upper part a shaft-attached IOOIOS

to acenter gea'r located beneath the [fixed part of the spindle,substantially as described.

3. The center gear, with its upward prolongation or shaft and pin, incombination with the deck-plate, a two-part spindle, barrel, and1ever-head, substantially as described.

4. The combination of a center gear within the cavity beneath thedeck-plate with an intermediate gear protruding through the deckplateand an annular gear exterior to the deckplate.

5. An intermediate gear located in an opening through the deck-plate andpartly within the inclosed space beneath the deck-plate and partlyoutside the deck-plate, substantially as described.

6. An intermediate `gear, in combination with a center gear within theinclosed cavity beneath the deck-plate and an annular gear exterior tothe deck-plate, substantially as described.

7. An intermediate gear so located andjournaled to the deck-plate as tointermesh with a center gear-within the inclosed space beneath the fixedpart of the spindle, and an annular gear, substantially as described.

8. A deck-plate as constructed-viz., a deckplate or base spreadingoutward and down- Ward from its connection to the spindle and in acircle passing between the intermediate gearjournals and the annulargear, whereby a large circumferential or annular section is obtainedthrough which to make the openings for gears g, substantially as shown.

9. 'lhe combination of the center, intermediate, and annular' gears asconstructed--viz., the center and annular gears having their teethsupported by ijange at the top, and the intermediate gear at the bottom,substantially as described.

10. Thedeck-plate asconstructed-viz., with the described openings havingre-enforcement at their sides ot' thick metal, substantially as shown. v

1l. The deck-plate as constructed-viz., with openings through whichprotrude intermediate gears.

12. A capstan-lever head as constructedviz.,vwith bar-holes orlever-sockets conforming to the ordinary shape of the bar-section in theouter rim, but entirely open from beneath inside ot' that rim, orsubstantially so.

13. The lever-head as constructed-viz., with a depending rib or bearerto bear upon and form a rest or vertical stop against the upper side ofthe bar in the bar-socket or lever-socket.

14. The capstan as constructed-viz., with a center gear in the cavitybeneath the deckplate detachably connected to the lever-head by meansotA an upward extension or shaft inside the Iixed portion of thespindle, substantially as described.

15. The pawl-pockets on the deck-plate as constructed-viz., withoutwardly-open drainage-spaces. 16. Thedeck-plateasconstructed-viz.,withpawl-lugs re-enforced by detached or separate tiange to each,substantially as described.

17. The described construction of the upper end of the capstan-barrel 1-viz., with an ann ularor continuous series of ratchet-teeth abuttingtoward the axis ot' the barrel against a continuous or annular ange,substantially as described.

18. In combination with the barrel and deckplate of a capstan, the pawlas constructedviz., with a through circular opening provided with athrough-recess, like a keyway, in combination with a wrist or journalfixed'to the barrel and having a spur or lug at its outer end,substantially as described.

19. In combination with the barrel and deckplate of a capstan, thecapstau-pawl as constructed-viz., with a recess on thevinside toward thecapstan-barrel, in which is jointed or hinged a tongue, substantially asdescribed.

20. The capstan as constructed-viz., with adeck-plate inclosin g acenter gear in the space l beneath it, and an upward extension or shaftof the center gear through the hollow spindle, said shaft connected by aratchet mechanism to the lever-head, and said center gear connected byintermediate gears and an annular gear to the lower part of thecapstan-barrel, substantially as described.

21. The capstan as constructed-Viz., with the lever-head connected tothe top of the barrel by ratchet mechanism, in combination with theannular barrelgear, intermediate gears, the center gear'inclosed beneaththe deck-plate, its upward extension or shaft, and its ratchetmechanism, and hollow spindle, substantially as described.

22. The ratchets m n, in combination'with the center gear locatedbeneath the deck-plate, its ,shaft i, hollow spindle b, and theleverhead, substantially as described.

23. The barrel of a capstan as constructedviz., with the ieeting ribs orwelts c to abut at their lower ends against a raised zone of the barrel,the middle of the welts being tlush or ot' equal elevation from thegeneral surface of the contiguous part of the barrel with the raisedzone, substantially as shown.

DAVID N. B. GOFFIN. l

Witnesses:

JOHN H. STEVENS, W. J. MILLER.

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